QuickBooks POS

SELECT Statements

A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

• SELECT

• INTO

• FROM

• JOIN

• WHERE

• GROUP BY

• HAVING

• UNION

• ORDER BY

• LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the provider:

SELECT { [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ] { * | { <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* } [ , ... ] } [ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ] { FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] } [ , ... ] [ [ INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] } ] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] ] [ ... ] [ WHERE <search_condition> ] [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ] [ HAVING <search_condition> ] [ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ] [ ORDER BY <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ] ] [ LIMIT <expression> [ { OFFSET | , } <expression> ] ] } | SCOPE_IDENTITY() <expression> ::= | <column_reference> | @ <parameter> | ? | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } ) | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> ) | NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> ) | COALESCE ( <expression> , ... ) | CASE <expression> WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ] [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ] END | <literal> | <sql_function> <search_condition> ::= { <expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ] } [ { AND | OR } ... ]

Examples

1. Return all columns:

   SELECT * FROM Customers

2. Rename a column:

   SELECT [LastName] AS MY_LastName FROM Customers

3. Cast a column's data as a different data type:

   SELECT CAST(AnnualRevenue AS VARCHAR) AS Str_AnnualRevenue FROM Customers

4. Search data:

   SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE LastName = 'Cook'

5. Return the number of items matching the query criteria:

   SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM Customers

6. Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:

   SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT LastName) FROM Customers

7. Return the unique items matching the query criteria:

   SELECT DISTINCT LastName FROM Customers

8. Summarize data:

   SELECT LastName, MAX(AnnualRevenue) FROM Customers GROUP BY LastName

   See Aggregate Functions below for details.

9. Retrieve data from multiple tables.

   SELECT i.ReferenceNumber, c.AccountNumber FROM Invoices i INNER JOIN Customers c ON i.CustomerId=c.ID

   See JOIN Queries below for details.

10. Sort a result set in ascending order:

    SELECT ListId, LastName FROM Customers ORDER BY LastName ASC

11. Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:

    SELECT ListId, LastName FROM Customers LIMIT 10

12. Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.

    SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE LastName = @param

Aggregate Functions

COUNT

Returns the number of rows matching the query criteria.

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Customers WHERE LastName = 'Cook'

COUNT(DISTINCT)

Returns the number of distinct, non-null field values matching the query criteria.

SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT ListId) AS DistinctValues FROM Customers WHERE LastName = 'Cook'

AVG

Returns the average of the column values.

SELECT LastName, AVG(AnnualRevenue) FROM Customers WHERE LastName = 'Cook' GROUP BY LastName

MIN

Returns the minimum column value.

SELECT MIN(AnnualRevenue), LastName FROM Customers WHERE LastName = 'Cook' GROUP BY LastName

MAX

Returns the maximum column value.

SELECT LastName, MAX(AnnualRevenue) FROM Customers WHERE LastName = 'Cook' GROUP BY LastName

SUM

Returns the total sum of the column values.

SELECT SUM(AnnualRevenue) FROM Customers WHERE LastName = 'Cook'

JOIN Queries

The Provider for QuickBooks POS supports standard SQL joins like the following examples.

Inner Join

An inner join selects only rows from both tables that match the join condition:

SELECT i.ReferenceNumber, c.AccountNumber FROM Invoices i INNER JOIN Customers c ON i.CustomerId=c.ID

Left Join

A left join selects all rows in the FROM table and only matching rows in the JOIN table:

SELECT i.ReferenceNumber, c.AccountNumber FROM Invoices i LEFT JOIN Customers c ON i.CustomerId=c.ID

Date Literal Functions

The following date literal functions can be used to filter date fields using relative intervals. Note that while the <, >, and = operators are supported for these functions, <= and >= are not.

L_TODAY()

The current day.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_TODAY()

L_YESTERDAY()

The previous day.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_YESTERDAY()

L_TOMORROW()

The following day.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_TOMORROW()

L_LAST_WEEK()

Every day in the preceding week.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_LAST_WEEK()

L_THIS_WEEK()

Every day in the current week.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_THIS_WEEK()

L_NEXT_WEEK()

Every day in the following week.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_NEXT_WEEK()

Also available:

• L_LAST/L_THIS/L_NEXT MONTH

• L_LAST/L_THIS/L_NEXT QUARTER

• L_LAST/L_THIS/L_NEXT YEAR

L_LAST_N_DAYS(n)

The previous n days, excluding the current day.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_LAST_N_DAYS(3)

L_NEXT_N_DAYS(n)

The following n days, including the current day.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_NEXT_N_DAYS(3)

Also available:

• L_LAST/L_NEXT_90_DAYS

L_LAST_N_WEEKS(n)

Every day in every week, starting n weeks before current week, and ending in the previous week.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_LAST_N_WEEKS(3)

L_NEXT_N_WEEKS(n)

Every day in every week, starting the following week, and ending n weeks in the future.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_NEXT_N_WEEKS(3)

Also available:

• L_LAST/L_NEXT_N_MONTHS(n)

• L_LAST/L_NEXT_N_QUARTERS(n)

• L_LAST/L_NEXT_N_YEARS(n)