A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.
SELECT
INTO
FROM
JOIN
WHERE
GROUP BY
HAVING
UNION
ORDER BY
LIMIT
The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the provider:
SELECT {
[ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
{
*
| {
<expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ]
| { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .*
} [ , ... ]
}
[ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]
{
FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ]
} [ , ... ]
[ [
INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] }
] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ]
] [ ... ]
[ WHERE <search_condition> ]
[ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
[ HAVING <search_condition> ]
[ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
[
ORDER BY
<column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
]
[
LIMIT <expression>
[
{ OFFSET | , }
<expression>
]
]
} | SCOPE_IDENTITY()
<expression> ::=
| <column_reference>
| @ <parameter>
| ?
| COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
| { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> )
| NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> )
| COALESCE ( <expression> , ... )
| CASE <expression>
WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
[ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
END
| <literal>
| <sql_function>
<search_condition> ::=
{
<expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ]
} [ { AND | OR } ... ]
Return all columns:
SELECT * FROM People
Rename a column:
SELECT [Firstname] AS MY_Firstname FROM People
Cast a column's data as a different data type:
SELECT CAST(AnnualRevenue AS VARCHAR) AS Str_AnnualRevenue FROM People
Search data:
SELECT * FROM People WHERE Id = 'MyId'
Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM People
Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Firstname) FROM People
Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
SELECT DISTINCT Firstname FROM People
Summarize data:
SELECT Firstname, MAX(AnnualRevenue) FROM People GROUP BY Firstname
See Aggregate Functions below for details.
Retrieve data from multiple tables.
SELECT charges.amount, customers.email FROM customers INNER JOIN charges ON charges.customerId = customers.id
See JOIN Queries below for details.
Sort a result set in ascending order:
SELECT Id, Firstname FROM People ORDER BY Firstname ASC
Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:
SELECT Id, Firstname FROM People LIMIT 10
Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.
SELECT * FROM People WHERE Id = @param
Returns the number of rows matching the query criteria.
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM People WHERE Id = 'MyId'
Returns the number of distinct, non-null field values matching the query criteria.
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Id) AS DistinctValues FROM People WHERE Id = 'MyId'
Returns the average of the column values.
SELECT Firstname, AVG(AnnualRevenue) FROM People WHERE Id = 'MyId' GROUP BY Firstname
Returns the minimum column value.
SELECT MIN(AnnualRevenue), Firstname FROM People WHERE Id = 'MyId' GROUP BY Firstname
Returns the maximum column value.
SELECT Firstname, MAX(AnnualRevenue) FROM People WHERE Id = 'MyId' GROUP BY Firstname
Returns the total sum of the column values.
SELECT SUM(AnnualRevenue) FROM People WHERE Id = 'MyId'
The Provider for Highrise supports standard SQL joins like the following examples.
An inner join selects only rows from both tables that match the join condition:
SELECT charges.amount, customers.email FROM customers INNER JOIN charges ON charges.customerId = customers.id
A left join selects all rows in the FROM table and only matching rows in the JOIN table:
SELECT charges.amount, customers.email FROM customers LEFT JOIN charges ON charges.customerId = customers.id
The following date literal functions can be used to filter date fields using relative intervals. Note that while the <, >, and = operators are supported for these functions, <= and >= are not.
The current day.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_TODAY()
The previous day.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_YESTERDAY()
The following day.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_TOMORROW()
Every day in the preceding week.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_LAST_WEEK()
Every day in the current week.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_THIS_WEEK()
Every day in the following week.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_NEXT_WEEK()
Also available:
L_LAST/L_THIS/L_NEXT MONTH
L_LAST/L_THIS/L_NEXT QUARTER
L_LAST/L_THIS/L_NEXT YEAR
The previous n days, excluding the current day.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_LAST_N_DAYS(3)
The following n days, including the current day.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_NEXT_N_DAYS(3)
Also available:
L_LAST/L_NEXT_90_DAYS
Every day in every week, starting n weeks before current week, and ending in the previous week.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_LAST_N_WEEKS(3)
Every day in every week, starting the following week, and ending n weeks in the future.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_NEXT_N_WEEKS(3)
Also available:
L_LAST/L_NEXT_N_MONTHS(n)
L_LAST/L_NEXT_N_QUARTERS(n)
L_LAST/L_NEXT_N_YEARS(n)