Microsoft Dynamics CRM

SELECT Statements

A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

• SELECT

• INTO

• FROM

• JOIN

• WHERE

• GROUP BY

• HAVING

• UNION

• ORDER BY

• LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the provider:

SELECT {

[ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]

{

*

| {

<expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ]

| { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .*

} [ , ... ]

}

[ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]

{

FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ]

} [ , ... ]

[ [

INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] }

] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ]

] [ ... ]

[ WHERE <search_condition> ]

[ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]

[ HAVING <search_condition> ]

[ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]

[

ORDER BY

<column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]

]

[

LIMIT <expression>

[

{ OFFSET | , }

<expression>

]

]

} | SCOPE_IDENTITY()

<expression> ::=

| <column_reference>

| @ <parameter>

| ?

| COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )

| { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> )

| NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> )

| COALESCE ( <expression> , ... )

| CASE <expression>

WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]

[ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]

END

| <literal>

| <sql_function>

<search_condition> ::=

{

<expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ]

} [ { AND | OR } ... ]

Examples

1. Return all columns:

   SELECT * FROM Lead

2. Rename a column:

   SELECT [FirstName] AS MY_FirstName FROM Lead

3. Cast a column's data as a different data type:

   SELECT CAST(Revenue AS VARCHAR) AS Str_Revenue FROM Lead

4. Search data:

   SELECT * FROM Lead WHERE FirstName <> 'Bob'

5. Return the number of items matching the query criteria:

   SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM Lead

6. Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:

   SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT FirstName) FROM Lead

7. Return the unique items matching the query criteria:

   SELECT DISTINCT FirstName FROM Lead

8. Summarize data:

   SELECT FirstName, MAX(Revenue) FROM Lead GROUP BY FirstName

   See Aggregate Functions below for details.

9. Retrieve data from multiple tables.

   SELECT Customers.ContactName, Orders.OrderDate FROM Customers, Orders WHERE Customers.CustomerId=Orders.CustomerId

   See JOIN Queries below for details.

10. Sort a result set in ascending order:

    SELECT Id, FirstName FROM Lead ORDER BY FirstName ASC

11. Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:

    SELECT Id, FirstName FROM Lead LIMIT 10

12. Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.

    SELECT * FROM Lead WHERE FirstName = @param

Aggregate Functions

COUNT

Returns the number of rows matching the query criteria.

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Lead WHERE FirstName = 'Bob'

COUNT(DISTINCT)

Returns the number of distinct, non-null field values matching the query criteria.

SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Id) AS DistinctValues FROM Lead WHERE FirstName <> 'Bob'

AVG

Returns the average of the column values.

SELECT FirstName, AVG(Revenue) FROM Lead WHERE FirstName <> 'Bob' GROUP BY FirstName

MIN

Returns the minimum column value.

SELECT MIN(Revenue), FirstName FROM Lead WHERE FirstName <> 'Bob' GROUP BY FirstName

MAX

Returns the maximum column value.

SELECT FirstName, MAX(Revenue) FROM Lead WHERE FirstName <> 'Bob' GROUP BY FirstName

SUM

Returns the total sum of the column values.

SELECT SUM(Revenue) FROM Lead WHERE FirstName = 'Bob'

JOIN Queries

The provider supports JOIN queries based on Dynamics CRM relationships. JOIN queries in Dynamics CRM can only be executed against related entities.

Dynamics CRM entities can be linked using relationships. The standard Dynamics CRM entities already have relationships defined for them. You can define relationships for your custom entities. The provider supports standard SQL syntax instead of proprietary FetchXML to allow easy integration with a wide variety of SQL tools.

Inner Joins

Inner joins are the default join when the JOIN keyword is specified. The INNER and NATURAL keywords are also supported. The following query returns the Names of all Accounts that have Contacts and the FirstNames of those Contacts.

SELECT Account.Id, Account.Name, Contact.FirstName, Contact.LastName FROM Account JOIN Contact ON Account.Id = Contact.AccountId_Id

Left Join

Left joins can be executed with the LEFT JOIN and LEFT OUTER JOIN keywords. The following returns all Accounts and the Equipment Id for any preferred Equipment defined for that Account:

SELECT Account.Id, Account.Name, Equipment.Id AS Eid, Equipment.Name AS Ename FROM Account LEFT JOIN Equipment ON Account.PreferredEquipmentid_id = Equipment.Id WHERE Account.Name = 'Adventure Works (sample)'

Date Literal Functions

The following date literal functions can be used to filter date fields using relative intervals. Note that while the <, >, and = operators are supported for these functions, <= and >= are not.

L_TODAY()

The current day.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_TODAY()

L_YESTERDAY()

The previous day.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_YESTERDAY()

L_TOMORROW()

The following day.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_TOMORROW()

L_LAST_WEEK()

Every day in the preceding week.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_LAST_WEEK()

L_THIS_WEEK()

Every day in the current week.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_THIS_WEEK()

L_NEXT_WEEK()

Every day in the following week.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_NEXT_WEEK()

Also available:

• L_LAST/L_THIS/L_NEXT MONTH

• L_LAST/L_THIS/L_NEXT QUARTER

• L_LAST/L_THIS/L_NEXT YEAR

L_LAST_N_DAYS(n)

The previous n days, excluding the current day.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_LAST_N_DAYS(3)

L_NEXT_N_DAYS(n)

The following n days, including the current day.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_NEXT_N_DAYS(3)

Also available:

• L_LAST/L_NEXT_90_DAYS

L_LAST_N_WEEKS(n)

Every day in every week, starting n weeks before current week, and ending in the previous week.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_LAST_N_WEEKS(3)

L_NEXT_N_WEEKS(n)

Every day in every week, starting the following week, and ending n weeks in the future.

SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyDateField = L_NEXT_N_WEEKS(3)

Also available:

• L_LAST/L_NEXT_N_MONTHS(n)

• L_LAST/L_NEXT_N_QUARTERS(n)

• L_LAST/L_NEXT_N_YEARS(n)